In the early stages of wheat growth, applying a balanced fertilizer during the heading phase is crucial. Using 3-5 kg of urea per mu along with irrigation can significantly increase the number of grains per spike and improve grain weight. This method is highly effective in enhancing yield and quality.
Next, it's important to ensure proper irrigation during the grain-filling stage. Watering should be done in a timely manner based on soil moisture levels, ideally within 10 days after flowering. Always check the weather forecast before watering, and avoid irrigation just before heavy rain to prevent lodging. For high-gluten wheat varieties, avoid using yellow water for irrigation, as it may negatively affect grain quality.
Foliar application of nutrients is another key practice. During the middle stage of grain filling, mix 0.5-0.75 kg of urea with 8 ml of Tianfengsu and spray it using 30-35 kg of water per mu. Apply this solution every 7 days to enhance grain weight, improve grain quality, and protect against dry hot winds.
Comprehensive pest and disease management is essential for healthy wheat crops. First, monitor and control powdery mildew and rust. These diseases typically appear in mid-to-late April. When an outbreak is detected, apply 12.5% wolfberry WP at 20-30 g per 50 kg of water or 15% fenprotin WP at 75-100 g per 50 kg of water. Prompt action is critical to prevent spread.
For head blight prevention, focus on early intervention. From heading to flowering, use 50% carbendazim WP at 100 g per 40-50 kg of water, applying it every 5-7 days. High-risk varieties require extra attention to prevent infection.
Midges are a common threat, especially around late April. To manage them, mix 200-250 ml of 50% Phoxim EC with 5 kg of dry sand and spread it over 25 kg of ridges. Water immediately after spreading. If adult midges are observed, spray 50% phionol emulsifiable concentrate at 50 ml per 30-45 kg of water to control the infestation.
Lastly, controlling wheat ear pests such as aphids is vital. When there are 500 aphids per 100 stems, apply 25% imidacloprid EC at 40-60 ml per 40-50 kg of water, or 15% Changle EC at 50-60 ml, or 5% silver label No.6 EC at 50 ml per 40-50 kg of water. Timely spraying ensures effective pest control and protects the crop from damage.
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