Proper moisture control is essential during the fermentation process of fertilizer production. The fermentation materials must maintain a moisture content between 60% and 65% to ensure that beneficial microorganisms can thrive and function effectively. A simple way to check the moisture level is by taking a handful of the material and squeezing it. If no water drips from your fingers, the moisture level is generally appropriate. If there’s no visible dampness, the material is too dry. If water drips off, it's too wet. Both excessive and insufficient moisture can negatively impact the fermentation process. Too little moisture can slow down microbial activity, while too much moisture can lead to poor aeration, reduced temperature rise, and the formation of anaerobic conditions that promote the growth of spoilage bacteria, causing unpleasant odors.
When preparing the materials, users should pay close attention to how they manage moisture. Here are some practical tips for adding and reducing water:
1. **Adding Water**: It's important to follow the principle of "a little at a time" and gradually add water. If possible, use warm water (around 30-40°C) to speed up the fermentation process. However, avoid boiling the water and then cooling it down to the desired temperature, as this can kill beneficial microorganisms present in the water.
2. **Reducing Moisture**: If the material becomes too wet due to overwatering or other factors, which can hinder the fermentation process, take immediate action to reduce the moisture. You can spread the material out to dry in the sun, or mix in absorbent materials such as straw powder, dry soil, sawdust, or rice husks to help soak up excess moisture.
By carefully managing the moisture levels, you can create an optimal environment for efficient and effective fermentation, leading to better quality fertilizer.
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