Nowadays, the peak season of "Three Summers" has arrived, and many farmers are busy preserving wheat seeds for the next planting season. Ensuring the purity and quality of these seeds is crucial for successful harvests in the future. But how can farmers maintain seed quality? What should they pay attention to during harvesting, drying, and storage?
First, it's essential to carefully clean the fields selected for seed preservation. During the heading to maturity stage of wheat, farmers should regularly remove any weeds and diseased plants. All unwanted plants, including those with diseases or mixed varieties, must be completely uprooted and taken out of the field. Special attention should be given to weeds like bromegrass and oat grass, as they can easily contaminate the seed stock.
When it comes to harvesting, timely mechanical harvesting is key. Seed fields should be harvested from the late wax ripening stage to full maturity. A small portion of the field can be harvested first, then stored separately (to avoid mixing with other people’s seeds that might remain in the storage area). This helps prevent cross-contamination and ensures the integrity of the seed stock.
After harvesting, proper drying is vital. Once the wheat is separated from the stalks, it should be lifted and spread out in a well-ventilated area. Choose a sunny day, clean the drying area thoroughly, and spread the seeds evenly. Expose them to direct sunlight, flipping them every hour for optimal drying. The process should continue until around 6 PM, and this should be repeated for about three days before storing them in a dry place.
During the drying phase, different wheat varieties should be kept separate. It's best to handle each variety individually to prevent accidental mixing. This careful approach ensures that the genetic purity of each seed type remains intact.
For storage, there are several effective methods. Wheat seeds can be stored in grain bins, meal containers, or woven nylon bags. When using traditional storage methods, such as wooden bins, it's advisable to cover the bottom with a layer of dry grass ash, followed by a layer of glutinous rice, and then seal the container tightly. Nylon woven bags are also a practical option. These should be placed in a dry, well-ventilated area, away from walls to prevent moisture, pests, and rodent infestations.
By following these steps—careful field management, timely harvesting, proper drying, and scientific storage—farmers can significantly improve the quality and viability of their wheat seeds, ensuring better yields in the coming season.
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