Shunyi District Fengmanxing Agricultural Machinery Service Cooperatives have more than 400 acres of corn planting area. Since 2013, the cooperative has introduced the full-scale green prevention and control technology system for dryland corn main pests. The pest control efficiency has reached 85.4%, the disease control effect has reached 74.2%, the increase rate has reached 7.7%, Mu gains 23 yuan, and the input-output ratio Increased by 5.9%. In the words of the cooperative’s president Lu Chunquan, “The green prevention and control technology has not only brought us a good harvest, but also made us eat the assured food!â€
Maize is the largest crop variety in Beijing. In recent years, major pests such as armyworm, corn borer, and peach aphid have developed in the city. In 2012, three generations of the armyworm occurred in Beijing, and the prevention and control indicators (hundred insects ≥ 30) accounted for 390,000 acres, accounting for 40% of the sown area of ​​summer corn; corn borers occur in Beijing every year, and the area of ​​occurrence is About 3 million mu time; Tao Tao in 2009 -2011, in Miyun, Huairou, Shunyi peace valley and other places damage, damage to the block of corn generally reduced by 20% or so, the weight of up to 30%.
The control of corn pests by farmers in Beijing is mainly dependent on chemical pesticides. The use of chemical pesticides poses a threat to the quality of agricultural products in the capital and the safety of the ecological environment. In particular, in recent years, Beijing’s social circles have paid increasing attention to pesticide non-point source pollution and agro-ecological value. In light of the development trend of water-saving agriculture, the green prevention and control of dry-process maize pests has become a priority for Beijing’s most important growing crops. The Inevitable Trend of Urban Modern Agriculture Development in Beijing .
In this context, the Beijing Plant Protection Station proposed a green prevention and control technology system for the main pests of corn in dry farming. The system integrates technologies such as “a pair of two kills + Trichogramma + physicochemical induction + stereo emergency prevention and controlâ€, that is, according to The principle of simple, efficient, and “one prevention and multiple killings†was used to innovate, optimize, and integrate green control technologies, and a “one kill and two kill†technology was developed to prevent and control two seedling insect pests, such as Aquileoptera and Mythimna separata; Bee release technology prevents corn borer, peach aphid and other borer pests; physical and chemical control technology to prevent adult insects Lepidoptera, Coleoptera pest; stereo emergency control technology prevention and control of armyworm and other major and sudden pests throughout the green prevention and control Technology System.
"One killing and two killing" technology refers to the addition of insecticides at the same time when weeding is closed, and it can achieve soil sealing, killing grass and killing seedling pests through a single application. The specific agent is: Closed herbicide can be used to suspend the herbicide. Agents or isopropanol; herbicide glyphosate can be used to kill the herbicide; insecticide can be used for high cypermethrin, the above-mentioned agents evenly sprayed on water.
Trichogramma pest control corn borer, peach aphid technology is the use of parasitic natural enemies Trichogramma bees eggs into pest eggs, and then through the absorption of nutrients which caused the death of pest eggs. To prevent and control farmland with corn borer as the main crop, it is possible to release Trichogramma beetle 1-3 times by laying Trichogramma beetle eggs in the early stage of egg production. Wantou; Prevention and control of peach-pipa-based farmland, can be released in the early stage of peach pupa spawning Trichogramma or Trichogramma chilonis 3-5 times, each bee 20,000-30,000 Head; prevention of corn pods and peach pods mixed farmland, can hang caterpillars Trichogramma 3-5 times, each bee put 20,000-30,000 heads.
"Sex-induced + solar insecticide lamp" physical and chemical control technology has the characteristics of labor-saving, non-polluting, can kill a large number of adult lepidopteran, coleopteran pests, effectively reduce the number of follow-up field pest populations, the technology in the prevention and control of corn The main pests have obvious effects. According to preliminary estimates, each solar insecticidal lamp can kill 1,000 insects, corn borers, peach aphids, and cotton bollworms, or about 7 kilograms per growing season.
Three-dimensional emergency control technology for major pests. In order to solve the emergency prevention and control of the migratory and fulminant pests of Mythimna separata and grasshoppers, the plant protection station has launched multi-wing, single-hung wing plant protection unmanned sprayers and self-propelled high-lever crops. Model screening tests for a variety of new plant protection equipment, such as sprayers and wind-feeding high-efficiency remote sprayers, and research on the operation methods and application effects of these equipment, and finally explored the formation of “unmanned aerial control air control + high pole. "Three-Dimensional Emergency Control Technology of Sprayer's Field Control + Remote Sprayer Remote Control".
Green prevention and control effect is remarkable
Economic benefits: Trichogramma release technology can save 30 kilograms of output loss per acre, reduce the amount of chemical pesticides 0.25 kilograms per acre, and save 95% of labor; a double killing technology saves 38.4 kilograms of output loss per acre, saves 50% of labor; Control technology to restore output loss of 2 kilograms per mu, reduce the amount of chemical pesticides per acre 0.1 kilograms, saving 30% of labor; stereo emergency control technology to restore output loss of 49.28 kg per mu, saving labor 95%. By applying the full-scale green prevention and control technology for major pests of corn, the new revenue per mu is 21 yuan.
Social and Economic Benefits: The green prevention and control technology for major pests of corn has greatly reduced the use of chemical pesticides, reduced the pressure on the environment, and contributed to the ecological balance and the benign cycle of the ecosystem. Through the popularization and application of the technology, the natural ecological environment of farmland has been significantly improved, the environmental quality and the level of agricultural product safety have been significantly improved, and indirectly saving the cost of the country's restoration of farmland environmental pollution.
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