Cucumber damping-off disease is the main disease of cucumber in seedling stage, and the nursery period is the most common in the protection field. The disease accounts for about 80% of the seedling mortality rate.
Hazardous symptoms: After the seed germination to the seedling before the seedlings are not unearthed, resulting in bad species, rotten buds. When the seedlings were exhumed, the base of the seedlings exhibited water-stained yellow lesions, followed by a brownish-brown color, with contractions appearing linear and lodging. The seedlings were cut off and the disease developed rapidly. The cotyledons had not yet withered, and the seedlings suddenly fell to death. When the humidity is high, a white cotton floe grows on the soil surface of the diseased area and its surroundings.
Onset of disease: Bleeding is a disease caused by fungal infection. The bacteria are highly productive and can survive long in the soil and overwinter with oospore and mycelium in the soil. In case of suitable conditions, sporangia can be germinated to invade the host with zoospores or direct sprouting. The re-infestation of the field mainly depends on the diseased part of the diseased seedlings to produce sporangia and zoospores, which are transmitted by irrigation water, manure and farm tools. When the seedbed temperature is low, the soil temperature is 15-16°C, which is most suitable for the growth of pathogens. When the conditions of low temperature, high humidity, and lack of light occur during the nursery period, they are extremely conducive to disease. In 1-2 true leaf stage seedlings, since the nutrients of the cotyledons have basically been used up, the new roots have not been solid yet, and the true leaves have weak self-cultivation ability and weak disease resistance. Therefore, they are susceptible to the disease; 3 true leaves After the disease rarely occurs.
Prevention and control points: Prevention and treatment of damping-off disease should focus on the disinfection of soil and seeds, strengthen seedbed management, improve the ecological environment, and suppress the incidence.
1. The choice of seedbed. Choose the terrain with high dryness, leeward sunshine, and convenient irrigation and unplanted melons as seedbeds. Bed soil is selected from disease-free new soil, and old seedbed soil, vegetable garden soil or garden soil without bacteria is used. Before sowing, fully dry the land, apply sufficient organic fertilizer that has been thoroughly fermented and decomposed as basic fertilizer, and use conditional nutrition seedlings.
2. Seed and soil disinfection. Soil sterilisation is required in nursery or old seedbed nursery. Seed disinfection can be 3000 times 96% amylodia solution dressing, soil disinfection can be used 1000 times 30% hymexazide agent, or 3000-5000 times 96% hymexazol solution spraying seedbed, or 68% A Shuangling Manganese Zinc, or 70% dexamethasone WP, or 50% carbendazim WP 20g mixed with 10 kg of bed soil, can handle 10 m2 of seedbed, 1/3 of the soil spread after seedbed sowing After sowing, 2/3 of the medicine soil is used as cover soil, ie, it is overlying the underlay to prevent the spread of soil bacteria.
3. Strengthen seedbed management. Fill the bottom water before sowing, try not to water after emergence, must choose sunny spray when watering. Adjust seedbed temperature, during the day 20-30 °C, 15-18 °C at night, while paying attention to increase the temperature, to reduce the humidity of the soil, so that seedbed insulation and ventilation coordination, increase light, nurturing seedlings. Breeding seedlings (bed) timely release of wind, humidity, even if the cloudy days should also be timely and appropriate to put out dampness, prevent melon seedlings growers disease.
4. Chemical control. In the early stage of disease, the diseased plants should be removed immediately and used with 72% Preclosure 500-800 times, or 12% green lactone 600 times, or 72% Mildew WP 800-1000 times, or 64%. % Toxicity WP 500-600 times liquid and other agents, spray once every 7 days, even spray 2-3 times. For the place where the dead seedlings are formed, 72% Prokaryl 400x, or 55% Multidrug WP 350x, or 97% Hymex WP 3000-4000x can be used. Once every 7 days, irrigated roots 2-3 times.
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