1. Silage is a primary feed for cows, with each cow consuming 20 to 25 kilograms daily. It provides essential nutrients and helps maintain a balanced diet.
2. High-quality hay, especially green hay, is recommended for cows that are already on silage. Each cow should receive at least 4 kilograms of hay per day to support digestion and overall health.
3. Root vegetables like carrots and pumpkins have high moisture content, so they should be fed in moderation. Offer about 3 to 5 kilograms per cow daily to avoid digestive issues.
4. Fresh green grass is another important component of the diet. Limit fresh grass to no more than 12 kilograms per cow per day to prevent overfeeding and ensure proper nutrient balance.
5. Rapeseed cake and cottonseed meal can be included in the feed but should not exceed 10% of the total daily ration. These ingredients provide protein but need to be used carefully to avoid imbalances.
6. Concentrate feeds should be adjusted based on milk production levels. For every kilogram of concentrate fed, provide 2.5 to 3 kilograms of milk. Cows producing more milk may require more concentrate, while those producing less need less. However, no matter the production level, the daily amount of concentrate should not exceed 12 kilograms. When feeding large amounts of concentrate, increase the number of meals throughout the day to help prevent rumen acidosis and maintain optimal digestive health.
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