According to historical records from the 128-member veterinary station, sheep and goat pox were known to be endemic during spring and autumn for over two decades. However, detailed data on total cases, morbidity, and mortality rates were not well documented. Oral accounts from an elderly veterinarian at the station suggest that mortality rates could reach as high as 40%, with young animals showing particularly low resistance to the disease. First, the outbreak scenario: On October 3, 2002, a group of 18 farmers reported an outbreak among their flocks. The affected sheep exhibited three main clinical signs. Prior to this, the sheep had been vaccinated with the goatpox vaccine. These 18 farmers were located near the front of the mountain, within the boundaries of the 129th Regiment, which was just before the official outbreak of sheep pox. Due to the mixed grazing conditions, the infection spread quickly. As soon as the farmers learned about the situation, they immediately vaccinated their flocks. Second, clinical symptoms: In the early stages of the disease, infected sheep showed elevated body temperatures, loss of appetite, reduced energy levels, difficulty breathing, and nasal discharge. Their eyes appeared red, with frequent nostril flaring. Later, red, round lesions measuring up to 20 cm in diameter appeared on areas such as the eyelids, nostrils, lips, sides of the nose, legs, perineum, chest, armpits, and other hairless regions. These lesions initially appeared as flat, raised papules, commonly referred to by farmers as "big red face." The next day, these bumps softened into blisters, which later turned into yellow pustules and eventually formed dark scabs. Some lesions remained as hard nodules or umbilical-like structures, leaving behind light red scars. Third, post-mortem findings: Upon examination, the mucous membranes of the mouth and throat were thickened and swollen, appearing dark red with red spots, papules, and blisters. A few ulcers were found in the nasal and tracheal mucosa, along with sticky exudates inside the trachea. Red spots were observed on the esophagus, and the rumen showed signs of atrophy with small areas of erosion and punctate ulcers. The liver contained pale yellow, cheese-like nodules, while the lungs displayed flaky red areas. Enlarged, red lymph nodes were also noted. Based on the epidemiological pattern, clinical symptoms, and anatomical changes, the disease was diagnosed as sheep pox, affecting both sheep and goats. Fourth, prevention and control measures: 1. Strict quarantine was implemented. Infected sheep were isolated, and all drinking water and contaminated land were thoroughly disinfected using 0.5% potassium permanganate solution. 2. The mouths and lips of affected goats were cleaned with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution and treated with iodine glycerin. Adult goats received intramuscular injections of 1.6 million units of penicillin and 1 million units of streptomycin. Severely affected animals were given 5% glucose solution combined with vitamin C and calcium to prevent excessive inflammation. Lambs were treated twice daily, with adjusted dosages. 3. To prevent further spread, nearby flocks and surrounding farms were vaccinated with a lyophilized goat pox vaccine via local injection at 0.5 ml per animal. Dead sheep were buried deeply, and the ground was flame-sterilized. Weaned lambs were fed only with full-nutrient feed to support their recovery and immunity.

Natural Extracts

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