In the summer, high temperatures and humidity create ideal conditions for the proliferation of insects like mosquitoes and flies, especially in areas with standing water, such as gullies. These pests are major carriers of infectious diseases, including chicken white-crown disease and fowl pox, which can severely impact poultry health.
Chicken white-crown disease, also known as Kaposi's leukocyte protozoa disease, is a serious condition that affects chickens. Affected birds often show symptoms such as anemia, weight loss, and pale combs. The disease is particularly deadly in young chicks and broilers, with mortality rates reaching up to 90% or higher. In adult hens, it can significantly reduce egg production by 30% to 50%. This disease is most common between June and October, when the weather is warm and humid, making it highly seasonal. To prevent its spread, it's crucial to control insect populations both inside and outside the coop. Installing mosquito nets on doors and windows can help reduce exposure.
Fowl pox, on the other hand, is a viral disease that spreads quickly through direct contact or via blood-sucking insects like mosquitoes. It commonly affects laying hens and can occur in chickens of all ages, though it tends to be more prevalent in summer and autumn. The virus enters the body through broken skin or mucous membranes, making prevention key. Effective measures include strict hygiene practices, regular disinfection of the environment, and controlling potential vectors like mosquitoes. Additionally, care should be taken to avoid injuring the chickens, as wounds can serve as entry points for infection. By taking these steps, poultry farmers can better protect their flocks from these serious and recurring diseases.
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