As autumn progresses, temperatures gradually decrease, and the difference between day and night becomes more pronounced. The amount of sunlight also shortens, which can affect the overall health and productivity of ducks. Ducks that were raised in the previous year and have been laying eggs for half a year may become exhausted, and even minor lapses in management can lead to a drop in egg production. Meanwhile, ducks hatched in early spring begin to lay eggs from late September through mid-October. However, free-range ducks often face challenges during late autumn due to limited food availability, leading to nutritional deficiencies and lower egg output. Therefore, it's crucial to focus on improving nutrition, maintaining a stable environment, and delaying moulting as much as possible to sustain high egg production levels.
First, enhancing the protein content in the feed is essential. Ducks need to build up energy reserves to survive the colder months. During this time, the energy level in their diet should be carefully managed—either by reducing it slightly or encouraging moderate exercise. Ducklings should weigh between 1.5 to 2 kg, with an increased protein content in their feed. For caged ducks, the crude protein level should be around 18%, while free-range ducks require additional protein supplements to meet their egg-laying needs. In addition, it’s beneficial to provide mineral feed bowls containing a mix of 1 part bone meal and 3 parts shell powder, allowing ducks to consume minerals at their own pace.
Second, preparing for the cold is important. Sudden temperature drops can significantly reduce egg production, so it’s best to maintain a stable microclimate inside the duck house. The ideal temperature range should be between 13°C and 20°C. Autumn is also a rainy season, and water accumulation in the yard and dampness in the grass can lead to mold growth. Measures must be taken to control humidity and keep the area dry. Additionally, as daylight hours decrease, artificial lighting is necessary to support reproductive function. A 40-watt bulb is typically installed in a 20-square-meter house, covered with a shade, placed at a height of 2 meters, and kept clean. Lights should be turned on in the morning before sunrise and remain on for 16 hours, turning off after sunset to simulate natural light cycles.
Third, disease prevention is critical during this season. Autumn is a peak time for diseases such as duck plague, duck cholera, and egg drop syndrome. It’s essential to maintain cleanliness in the duck house, regularly remove feces, and clean feeding areas. Regular disinfection of the housing and equipment, along with strict adherence to vaccination schedules, helps prevent outbreaks and ensures the overall health of the flock. By taking these proactive steps, duck farmers can protect their birds and maintain optimal egg production throughout the fall.
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