Pay attention:
1. Drying: Once the seedling reaches a height of over 60 cm after planting, it should be pruned to a height of 50–60 cm. The branches should be cut at an angle, ensuring enough buds remain below the cut. Remove weak and lateral branches that are 30–40 cm above the ground to promote healthy growth.
2. Fertilizing: Pepper plants typically begin fruiting two years after planting and reach full productivity between three to four years. For young fruit-bearing trees, apply 5–10 kg of farm manure and 0.3 kg of superphosphate. During the fruiting period, each tree should receive 20–40 kg of fertilizer and 1–2 kg of superphosphate. In addition, spray a 0.5% urea solution in late March, a 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution during full flowering in June, and another 0.5% urea spray during the fruiting stage. Apply 800 times diluted solution once, and mix 0.5% urea with 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate for additional nutrition.
3. Watering: In the first year, ensure proper watering before germination, after fruit set, and after leaf fall if there is drought. Water once in each of these critical periods to support healthy development.
4. Pruning: Each year, shorten the main and lateral branches to maintain a balanced structure. Thin out weak and strong branches to ensure even distribution within the canopy, promoting good air circulation and light penetration.
5. Pest and Disease Control: During the seedling stage, rust is a common issue. Spray with 25% triadimefon diluted 600 times when symptoms appear. Adult plants may suffer from flea larvae that damage Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves. Use deltamethrin diluted 3000 times for control. During pruning, remove old bark from the trunk and large branches, then spray the tree with Soolibal diluted 50–80 times to prevent infestations.
6. Harvesting and Processing: Harvest when the fruits are fully red and shiny. After harvesting, expose the peppers to direct sunlight for 2–3 hours. When all the fruits have split open, gently tap them with a bamboo stick to separate the seeds from the husks. Then use a sieve to separate the seeds from the peel for further processing.
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