Lighting plays a crucial role in the reproductive performance of breeding geese, and its effects are quite complex. Proper illumination management can significantly influence when and how effectively geese lay eggs. For instance, extending light exposure around the egg-laying period can encourage hens to start production at the right time. Conversely, shorter light periods may delay the onset of egg-laying. During the growth phase, using natural light and gradually increasing the duration can help trigger the start of egg production. Additionally, shortening the light period during moulting can speed up the moulting process.
Under natural lighting conditions, female geese typically have only one laying cycle per year. However, with controlled lighting, they can be induced to have two cycles within a single year. After the summer laying season, natural light is used for the first month, followed by artificial lighting in autumn to gradually increase the day length to 15 hours. For young geese, natural light is provided between 70 to 180 days of age. From 181 to 210 days, the light duration is gradually extended, reaching 16 to 17 hours by day 210. The light intensity should be about 2-3 watts per square meter, with a 40-60 watt bulb installed every 20 square meters, and the lamps should be placed approximately 1.75 meters above the ground.
The lighting system for geese must be adjusted according to their growth stages. In open houses, natural light is dominant, but it's often supplemented with artificial light before the summer solstice to extend the day length, and reduced after the solstice.
During the brooding period, goslings need consistent light to grow evenly. From day 0 to 7, provide 23-24 hours of light daily. After day 8, gradually transition to natural light only. For breeding geese, natural light is sufficient. Before the laying period, gradually increase artificial light by 1 hour each day for six weeks to reach 16 hours of light. This schedule is maintained until the end of the production cycle. Light adjustments are made in the morning and evening.
In week 25, turn on lights before sunset and turn them off at 7:30 PM. In week 26, do the same but turn them off at 8:30 PM. By week 27, turn off at 9:30 PM. In week 28, turn on lights before dark, keep them on until 10:00 PM, then turn them on again at 7:00 AM and off during the day. In week 29, turn off at 10:30 PM and turn on at 6:30 AM. In week 30, turn off at 11:00 AM and turn on at 6:00 AM. These schedules are flexible and can be adjusted based on the breed and local weather conditions.
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