The early removal of contaminated bacterial cultures from the fermentation room within 3 days is critical. If mold spots appear on the surface of an individual bag, it typically indicates a minor contamination that does not involve spore formation. Under aseptic conditions, the left hand should hold the bag upside down while the right hand uses a sterilized resection tool—a thin iron tube about 1 to 1.5 cm in diameter and 25 cm long. Before use, the tool must be flame-sterilized. The contaminated area is carefully cut out using the tube, allowing the mold to be expelled through the opening. Once the affected part is removed, the bag is sealed and returned to cultivation. This method can achieve a success rate of up to 90%.
**Re-sterilization and Reuse**
1. Within 5 days of entering the fermentation room, if more than 70% of the bags show no germination of the seed blocks and no bacterial contamination, it may indicate that the sterilization time was too short. In such cases, the entire batch should be immediately re-sterilized for reuse.
2. If mold contamination exceeds one-third of the bag within 7 days of entering the room, regardless of the cause, the contaminated bags must be removed and re-sterilized to prevent further spread.
3. After 10 days in the fermentation room, if the hyphae are growing slowly or have stopped, and the raw materials are not at fault, this could signal a lack of oxygen inside the bag. In this case, the remaining bacteria should be removed, new material added, and the mixture re-inoculated with fresh culture. Sealing should also be improved to ensure proper air exchange.
When late-stage germs are found with severe contamination, but the good bacterial portion of the bag is more than 2/5 or has already become dominant, it can still be selected for further use as an ear. Experience has shown that under certain conditions, this approach can cover the cost and reduce waste.
If small amounts of contamination occur during the process of changing mushroom species and cannot be addressed immediately, they can be placed in a low-temperature environment. Once the black fungus fully develops, the contaminated bag can be supplemented with a small amount of new material, re-sterilized, and used to cultivate a new species. This method not only reduces the pollution rate but also allows for a faster start—about 7 days earlier than starting from scratch.
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