With the Spring Festival drawing near, the mushroom cultivation season has entered a crucial phase. The price of shiitake mushrooms has also begun to rise steadily. To elevate both the yield and quality of shiitake mushrooms and achieve better green benefits, it is essential not only to continue improving and updating varieties but also to enhance the application of stimulation technologies. Below are several key strategies that can be implemented:
First, the use of plant growth hormones plays a vital role in mycelium development. Different concentrations of these hormones have varying effects on mushroom growth. For instance, indole acetic acid and gibberellin at concentrations below 1 ppm can stimulate mycelial growth, while concentrations above 1 ppm may inhibit it. Similarly, naphthylacetic acid at 5 ppm promotes mycelium growth, but at 20–50 ppm, it has an inhibitory effect. When used correctly—choosing the right hormone, timing its application, and following proper procedures—it can significantly boost production.
Second, rare earth elements have shown promising results in enhancing mushroom growth. They help increase the dry weight of the mycelium and promote the formation of fruiting bodies, thereby increasing overall yield. Studies have shown that using 20 ppm of rare earth solution during cultivation can lead to a noticeable increase in mushroom production.
Third, there are several other effective techniques worth exploring. One such method is magnetized water treatment. By using magnetized water with a magnetic field strength of 1500 Gauss, the mycelium becomes whiter and denser. Spraying this water directly onto the fruiting bodies has proven to be highly effective in boosting yields. In bag-cultured mushrooms, this technique can increase production by up to 12.83%, and when combined with other methods, the improvement can be even more significant, reaching as high as 17.04%.
Another technique involves chemical treatments, such as soaking the spawn in solutions like 30 ppm citric acid or 0.2% urea for 24 hours. This helps trigger the formation of buds and accelerates the fruiting process.
Lastly, electrical stimulation is a traditional method widely used in Chinese mushroom farming. Mechanical vibration can encourage mycelium to form kinks, leading to more mushrooms. When combined with electrical stimulation, the results are even more impressive. Applying 220 volts with a current of 1–2 amperes for 5 minutes after soaking the mushroom sticks in water for about 12 hours can stimulate fruiting body formation. After drying the sticks to a moisture content of 60–65%, connecting them to a power source for a short period can increase production by approximately 25%. This method is simple yet highly effective when properly executed.
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