Cucumbers are a popular crop, but farmers often face a serious threat: vine rot, also known as stem rot. This disease is particularly dangerous when the plants start producing a lot of fruit. If high temperatures and humidity occur at this stage, the entire row of vines can wilt within just a few days. The stems will show clear signs of infection, such as dark spots and a soft, mushy texture.
Vine rot is caused by a fungus from the Ascomycota group, which not only affects the stems but also damages the leaves and fruits. When the stems are infected, they develop oily, oval or prism-shaped spots that are grayish-white and slightly sunken. These spots may secrete an amber-colored fluid. Once dry, the affected areas shrink and become covered with numerous small black spots.
On the leaves, the lesions appear as nearly circular, V-shaped, or semi-circular spots, ranging in color from pale brown to yellow-brown. These spots are often filled with tiny black dots. The fruits are usually infected during their early stages, especially through the flower buds. Infected fruits develop soft, light brown centers, leading to internal rot.
The primary sources of infection include contaminated seeds and soil. Rainfall and irrigation water act as carriers, spreading the pathogen throughout the field. The bacteria enter through stomata, water pores, or wounds, and infected seeds can directly affect the cotyledons. High soil moisture, frequent contact between stems and water, and high relative humidity all increase the risk of infection.
Overcrowded planting, excessive nitrogen fertilizer, poor air circulation, or insufficient nutrients and weak plant growth can worsen the disease. To prevent cucumber blight, it's best to avoid continuous cropping. Farmers should choose well-drained, deep soil and apply plenty of organic fertilizer. Proper spacing and balanced fertilization are also important.
Before sowing, seeds should be disinfected. A 0.3% solution of Bolin can be used for seed treatment. Once the disease appears, the following fungicides should be applied immediately:
1. Benomyl or chlorothalonil (40% suspension) diluted to 600–800 times.
2. Baoning (60% Duofu WP) diluted to 800–1000 times.
3. Thiophanate-methyl (70% wettable powder) diluted to 800–1200 times.
All fields should be sprayed every 4–5 days for 2–3 consecutive applications. Additionally, applying the same solutions directly to the affected stems at a ratio of 50–100 times can yield excellent results. Regular monitoring and prompt action are essential to keep the disease under control and protect the crop.
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