In winter and spring (early spring) season, the temperature is low, the weather is cold, and the calorie output of dairy cows is large, which affects the milk production. In order to ensure the continued high yield and stable production of dairy cows, it is necessary to further strengthen dairy cows' winter management.
1. Keep warm and keep warm Insulation of dairy cows is an important measure to improve the environment and strengthen winter management. The optimum temperature for black-and-white cows is 8 to 16°C. Closed thermal insulation barn can not reach the requirements at night, can increase the stocking density, cows can be closed when the cowshed idle part. Or use simple plastic shed culture, can increase the temperature of the cowhouse. As long as the feeding is good, the milk production will not drop.
2. Increase the use of artificial lighting with closed warm house cattle, absorb less light, can increase artificial lighting, not only increase the temperature of the cowhouse, but also increase milk prolactin, increase milk production. The method is to take less than 16 hours of light during the day, make up for 16 hours with artificial light, adhere to 2 to 6 weeks, milk production per cow can increase by 10%.
3. Feeding dairy cows with high levels of feed nutrition Winter and spring weather is cold, the temperature is low, the body of the cow is very hot, the heat needed for warming should be increased, and the amount of mixed concentrate should be increased by 5% per day to maintain good sensation in order to guarantee the cows. The normal milk production and increased milk production.
4. Feed green and juicy Forage vegetables, potatoes, beets and other young, juicy, nutritious, dairy cows love to eat, can quickly increase milk production. In particular, sugar beet contains oxidizing enzymes, which can effectively increase the milk production of dairy cows and is a good feed for milking cows. The lack of winter green materials, the use of straw to silage the effect of feeding cattle is good. According to the experiment, dairy cows fed corn stalk silage in the winter can increase milk production by 16% compared to non-feeding corn stalk silage cattle.
5. Warm water drinking cows Winter cows eat hay, which requires large amounts of water. If there is insufficient drinking water, cattle do not like to eat fodder and even get sick. It was determined that cows need 5 kg of water for every 1 kg of dry feed eaten. Cows that drink enough water in winter have better appetite than those who do not drink enough water. Better use of a large amount of pastures can help the wintering of cattle. Therefore, the number of drinking cows should be no less than 3 times a day. And be sure to drink warm water close to bovine body temperature (38~40°C). Avoid drinking cold water and ice slag water, because cattle drink cold water, ice water will take away a lot of body heat, reduce cattle body temperature, cattle susceptible to diseases, will also seriously affect milk production, therefore, must use warm water to drink cattle, continuous water.
6. The method of raising milk production by alternation raising method is to gradually reduce the amount of concentrate feed in the feed of cattle, and gradually increase the amount of green and rough feed, if the amount of milk produced is still not reduced, etc. Increase the concentrate. This repeated replacement of fine, rough feed fed alternate feeding method can stimulate the cow to eat more green, rough feed, improve feed conversion rate and milk production.
7. Increase the number of milking to increase the number of milking cows. It can increase the milk production of dairy cows. Experience has shown that the maximum number of milkings in a day is 4 times, usually 2 or 3 times. Squeeze a few times a day, can strengthen the function activity of the gland of the mammary gland, namely quicken blood circulation, metabolism, also raised milk production quantity of the cow.
8. Hot compresses and massages The breasts insist on using 53~56°C hot water to wash the breasts and hot breasts, which can make the breast blood vessels expand rapidly, increase the blood flow to the breasts, strengthen the synthesis of milk fat, and stimulate the breasts to discharge more milk. Breast massage during pregnancy can promote breast development, increase milk production, the effect of the initial distribution of cows is more obvious. Massage breasts before milking can stimulate rapid expansion, easy milking, and more milking. After breast milking, the remaining milk can be squeezed out, which can increase milk production and milk fat percentage.
9. Brushing the body of cows in cold weather in winter, the bovine vascular contraction, if you can persist brushing the body with a brush, can promote blood circulation of cattle, have a significant effect on milk production. Milk production can be increased by 8% to 10%. The contaminated part should be washed and wiped with lukewarm water, and the area to be washed in winter should be smaller, not to wash the bovine body in a low-temperature environment to prevent the occurrence of a cold.
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