The occurrence status of tomato root-knot nematodes in many vegetable areas has been increasing year by year, especially in the cultivation of tomatoes in protected areas, and the damage is more serious, and it has been expanding to other vegetables. Only by identifying and mastering the living habits and activity patterns of the insects, and adopting appropriate prevention and control measures can a better control effect be achieved.
First, the harm symptoms mainly occur in the fibrous roots or lateral roots of the root. The diseased part produces a fattening neoplastic teratoma, and the dissected roots contain tiny milky white nematodes buried in them. The symptoms of mildly ill strains on the ground are not obvious, the serious diseased plants are short, the fertility is poor, and the drought is sluggish or dies prematurely at noon.
Second, the morphological characteristics Adult male and female heteromorphism, larvae slender worm-like. Male adults linear, tail rounded, colorless and transparent; female adults pear-shaped, each egg can be spawned 300-800, buried in the host tissue, milky white. The excretory hole is near the base of the needle and has two ovaries. It is coiled in the worm body. The anus and the vulva are located at the end of the worm. The perineal arch is slightly higher, the top is round or flat, and the side area is wavy to serrated. Shape, side area is not clear, the pattern on the sideline often bifurcation.
Third, the habits and conditions of illness Root-knot nematodes are often 2nd instar larvae or eggs left over with the disease remains of soil over winter, can survive for 1-3 years. Juvenile conditions are suitable. Overwintering eggs hatch into larvae, continue to develop and invade the host, stimulate root cell proliferation, and form root knots or tumors. When the nematode develops to 4th instar, it lays eggs, and the male leaves the host and enters the soil and will soon die. Eggs hatch in the "root knot" and leave the egg shells after the 2nd age, and enter the soil for infestation or wintering.
The initial infection is mainly diseased soil, diseased seedlings and watering. Soil temperature at 25-30 °C soil water content of about 40%, fast pathogenic nematode development, 10 °C larvae stop activities, 55 °C after 10 minutes of death. The terrain is high and dry, and the soil is loose and conducive to disease.
Fourth, prevention and control methods 1 a reasonable rotation, the selection of seedling-free seedlings; 2 knot nematodes distributed in 3-9 cm soil layer, deep turning can reduce the disease; 3 in the sowing or planting point application 10% grain full of granules, each Mu 5 kg; 4 in the shed with 35% of the line grams, the drug is a water-soluble soil fumigant. Amount of 3-4 kilograms per acre, watered 300-400 kilograms. Before the sowing, the ditch is 16-23 cm deep, and the ditch is 24-33 cm. The diluted liquid is evenly poured into the ditch. Then the cover soil is solid, and after 15 days, it is plowed and breathable, and then sown or transplanted. If the soil is dry, the amount of water can be increased, or the application of water can be performed after watering first, or the mulching can be applied. After 15 days, the membrane can be ploughed and breathed and then transplanted.
First, the harm symptoms mainly occur in the fibrous roots or lateral roots of the root. The diseased part produces a fattening neoplastic teratoma, and the dissected roots contain tiny milky white nematodes buried in them. The symptoms of mildly ill strains on the ground are not obvious, the serious diseased plants are short, the fertility is poor, and the drought is sluggish or dies prematurely at noon.
Second, the morphological characteristics Adult male and female heteromorphism, larvae slender worm-like. Male adults linear, tail rounded, colorless and transparent; female adults pear-shaped, each egg can be spawned 300-800, buried in the host tissue, milky white. The excretory hole is near the base of the needle and has two ovaries. It is coiled in the worm body. The anus and the vulva are located at the end of the worm. The perineal arch is slightly higher, the top is round or flat, and the side area is wavy to serrated. Shape, side area is not clear, the pattern on the sideline often bifurcation.
Third, the habits and conditions of illness Root-knot nematodes are often 2nd instar larvae or eggs left over with the disease remains of soil over winter, can survive for 1-3 years. Juvenile conditions are suitable. Overwintering eggs hatch into larvae, continue to develop and invade the host, stimulate root cell proliferation, and form root knots or tumors. When the nematode develops to 4th instar, it lays eggs, and the male leaves the host and enters the soil and will soon die. Eggs hatch in the "root knot" and leave the egg shells after the 2nd age, and enter the soil for infestation or wintering.
The initial infection is mainly diseased soil, diseased seedlings and watering. Soil temperature at 25-30 °C soil water content of about 40%, fast pathogenic nematode development, 10 °C larvae stop activities, 55 °C after 10 minutes of death. The terrain is high and dry, and the soil is loose and conducive to disease.
Fourth, prevention and control methods 1 a reasonable rotation, the selection of seedling-free seedlings; 2 knot nematodes distributed in 3-9 cm soil layer, deep turning can reduce the disease; 3 in the sowing or planting point application 10% grain full of granules, each Mu 5 kg; 4 in the shed with 35% of the line grams, the drug is a water-soluble soil fumigant. Amount of 3-4 kilograms per acre, watered 300-400 kilograms. Before the sowing, the ditch is 16-23 cm deep, and the ditch is 24-33 cm. The diluted liquid is evenly poured into the ditch. Then the cover soil is solid, and after 15 days, it is plowed and breathable, and then sown or transplanted. If the soil is dry, the amount of water can be increased, or the application of water can be performed after watering first, or the mulching can be applied. After 15 days, the membrane can be ploughed and breathed and then transplanted.
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