First, temperature: newly hatched chicks have a smaller body size compared to adult chickens, and their insulation ability is very weak. Their capacity to regulate body temperature is also limited, so they require a higher ambient temperature. Infrared lamps or heating wires can be used for warmth. For the first three days after hatching, the temperature should be around 38°C, then decrease by 1–2°C each week. When the temperature reaches 25°C, it should be gradually reduced to about 5°C. The temperature in the brooding area can be judged by the behavior of the chicks: at the right temperature, the chicks are evenly distributed, move smoothly, sleep quietly, and eat and drink normally. If the temperature is too low, the chicks will crowd near the heat source, pile up on top of each other, emit weak cries, and eat less. If the temperature is too high, the chicks will avoid the heat, open their mouths, and frequently drink water.
Second, humidity: the humidity in the brooding room should be appropriate, which can be determined by human feelings and the behavior of the chicks. When the humidity is suitable, people feel that their nose and mouth are not dry, the chicks’ toes are moist and soft, and there is little dust in the air during their movement.
Third, lighting: During the first day of brooding, the lighting should last 24 hours with an intensity of 20 lux per square meter. After one week, the light should gradually be reduced. From 4 to 5 weeks of age, it's best to use a dark room for feeding. Cover the room with black cloth to make it completely dark throughout the day. Ventilation can be done during the day using a fan. If this isn't possible, the cloth can be rolled up at night for ventilation.
Fourth, breeding density: For the first 10 days, keep 50–60 chicks per square meter; from 11 to 30 days, 30–40 per square meter; and from 31 to 60 days, 10 per square meter. Grouping should be based on the size and strength of the chicks to ensure even growth.
Fifth, feeding: Start feeding after providing clean drinking water. Within the first 1–3 days, add 8% glucose solution along with some multi-vitamin and antibiotic solutions to the water. The water should be at room temperature, and use small waterers to maintain cleanliness. Feed can be introduced after 24 hours. The feed for young pheasants should be rich in protein and essential nutrients. If not available, combine with broiler chicken feed and add poultry multivitamins, sodium selenite, vitamin E, and trace elements for disease prevention. Feeding methods: Feed every 2 hours for the first 10 days. From 10 to 30 days, reduce the frequency to 5 times a day. To prevent feather pecking, trim the beak between 7–10 days of age. Do it once again at 30–40 days. Ensure complete stopping of bleeding, and avoid overdoing the procedure. Add multivitamins and electrolytes to the water before and after trimming, and include vitamin K3 in the feed.
Sixth, disease prevention: At 7–10 days of age, give the chicks a drink of ND II strain vaccine. Administer a chickenpox vaccine as well. At 14 days, provide a bursa vaccine via drinking water. Additionally, administer prophylactic medication: within the first two weeks, add norfloxacin or chloramphenicol to the water or feed to prevent diseases. After 20 days of age, add anticoccidial agents to the feed to prevent coccidiosis.
By carefully managing these factors—temperature, humidity, lighting, density, feeding, and health—you can significantly improve the survival rate and growth of your pheasants. Always observe the chicks closely and adjust conditions accordingly for optimal results.
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