Symptoms The disease is an important disease on the mulberry branches. Often mixed with pseudo-blight disease, mixed damage. It has occurred in Liaoning and Inner Mongolia in the north, and planting mulberry areas in Guangdong and Guangxi in the south. The main damage Mulberry. After the winter buds and their nearby wounds, a brownish-stained, oily, spot-like spot develops, which expands gradually. The diseased part is pink to orange-red-red meaty slightly raised, ie pathogenic conidia. From March to April, it is easy to occur, and several lesions often merge into big spots. When the lesions spread to surround the branches for 1 week, the branches above the diseased part dry up and die. During the month of May, the diseased department produced dark blue particles, namely the germ sac shell. Severe disease, cortex decay, it is easy to peel, emitting an alcohol smell. 3-4 months later, in the conidia of dead branches, often formed a small dark blue dots, that is, the ascospora of the pathogen, the diseased part is easily deformed, showing a cancerous appearance, and the skin is easily cracked and exposed to dark brown. fiber.
Pathogen Gibberella baccata (Wallr.) Sacc. Varl moricola (de Not.) Wollenwl called San Giorgiopsis, an Ascomycete subphylum fungus. Ascian capsule hemispherical, with several or ascendant ascospora crests on it; ascaria globose to elliptic, light blue, intersex or yellow or brownish gray, sizable 210-285172-225(um), endodontic or rounded Tubular ascus, short handle, colorless. The ascospores contain 4 or 8 ovoid to fusiform ascospores, arranged in two rows or obliquely. Ascospores are oval, colorless or slightly yellow, with 1-5 membranes, usually 3, and size 12-206 (um). The anamorphic state is Fusarium laeritium Nees, which is called Fusarium oxysporium. The conidiospores are buried under the skin of the cork layer and consist of dense hyphae. The conidiophore is densely coloured with short pedunculated conidial stems, size 10-153-4 (um), terminal conidia; conidia crescent, slightly curved at one end, colorless or light red, There are 3-5 membranes, 27-403-4.5 (um). In addition, mulberry parasites and pea fungal parasites are also pathogens of the disease.
Transmission routes and pathogenic conditions The pathogens overwinter in the shoots with hyphae. In February of the following year, conidiophores began to form. From March to April, the outer skin was exposed and the conidiospores were spread by wind and rain and reinfested several times. The ascospora shells are produced in late May, and the ascospore spores are released from August to October after they have matured. They invade from the wound near the mulberry buds and overwinter in the state of hyphae. The northern part can be invaded by the cortex. The growth of the bacteria is suitable for a temperature of 25-25°C. The saplings that are overleaved from autumn and applied with nitrogenous fertilizers are susceptible to disease. The mulberry fields with low topography, high density, sticky soil, frozen mulberry trees, and more pests are more serious. There are differences in disease resistance among varieties, Guangdong Sang, Husang 38, Jiading Sang, Huang Lusang easy to disease.
Control methods (1) Selection of disease-resistant varieties such as Tongxiang Qing, Pear-leaf Dasang, Haglu, Husang No. 5, and Cockscomb Lusang. (2) Strengthen the management of mulberry fields. In the spring, the diseased shoots and diseased shoots should be checked and cut off and burned in time. The lightly diseased branches should be cut at 6 cm below the last lesion. Reasonably picking summer and autumn leaves, adding potassium fertilizer in summer and autumn, avoiding partial application, over-application of nitrogen fertilizer, applying mulberry special fertilizer, and increasing tree vigor, especially when the middle and late autumn silkworm ends, 8-10 leaves must be kept at the upper end of the shoots, so that the overwintering branches Buds are fully developed and enhance resistance to disease. After the fall of the mulberry leaves in the autumn, the garden was cleared in time. (3) After mulberry dormancy in winter or germination in early spring, spray 14% Luolulu Copper Solution 300 times or 12% Green Milk Creamer 600 times, 40% chlorothalonil Suspension (Shuntianxing No. 1) 600 times. Lithosulfide mixture 80-100 times liquid, Baume 4 to 5 lime sulfur agent for branch disinfection.
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