In China, there are more than 20 species of mushrooms that can be cultivated in large areas, such as mushrooms, mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, white fungus, black fungus, wrinkled global cap mushroom, slip mushroom, and pine mushroom. In recent years, edible fungus cultivation has yielded promising results, but according to the farmers, there are often cases of edible fungus pests and diseases that cause varying degrees of damage. The simple method for the prevention and control of eight pests and diseases is introduced.
First, brown rot, also known as white rot, vesicular disease, mainly harm fruiting mushrooms, mushrooms and other fruiting bodies. If the cover soil is contaminated, spraying 50% carbendazim or 70% thiophanate-methyl 500 times on the cover soil can kill pathogen spores. Immediately after the onset of water spray, increase the ventilation of the mushroom house, the room temperature was reduced to 15 °C; wards spraying 50% carbendazim 500 times, can also be sprayed l% ~ 2% formaldehyde solution sterilization. When the disease is severe, the original cover soil can be removed, new soil can be replaced, the mushrooms can be burned, and the tools used can be disinfected with 4% formaldehyde solution.
Second, the main damage to green mold mushrooms, black fungus, white fungus, mushrooms and so on. In the early stages of disease, the surface of the material can be wiped with lime water, pH 10. When there is a green mold on the bacterium, it should be washed with carbendazim 800 times in time.
Third, mushroom fly is mainly harmful to mushrooms. When mushroom fly occurs before fruiting, it can be sprayed with dichlorvos I (X ~ O times liquid, also available O. 1% rattan extract solution, spraying 2-3 times in the mushroom bed without mushrooms; after mushrooming, can only spray pyrethrum Ester, or cypermethrin solution (this method is also suitable for sterilization).
Fourth, bacillary dysentery, also known as bacillary dysentery, mainly harm mushrooms, black fungus and so on. The worm body is small and not easily visible to the naked eye. 'They are more concentrated on the surface of the material or soil particles and are brownish. When it occurs, 500 ml of 0.5% dichlorvos solution can be sprayed per square meter. The bacteria on the black ear can be treated with 20% wettable killing 800 times liquid spray.
V. crickets, also known as slugs, mainly harm mushrooms, white fungus, oyster mushrooms, black fungus, and mushrooms. Mostly lurking during the day, and biting fruit bodies at night, will affect the mushroom production. Sprinkle sud water in areas where evening activities occur, or sprinkle potassium permanganate solution on its crawling route. It is also possible to spray with 5% salt water or sprinkle lime powder every 3-4 days at the loquat activity.
Six, nematode nematodes is a colorless worm, a very small body, about 1 mm in length, the main damage mushrooms, mushrooms, black fungus, mushroom and so on. From the spring of the ear teeth, use 1% lime water solution, or 5% saline solution spray black fungus, and sprinkle lime powder on the ground. Nematodes were found locally and the surrounding cultures were cut out and sprayed with 0.1% potassium iodide solution.
7. The hopper is also known as ash worm, adult gray or purple, nymph white, can endanger the hyphae and fruiting bodies of many edible fungi, breed rapidly under high temperature and humidity conditions, and can occur for 5-7 generations in one year. The main damage mushrooms, black fungus, mushrooms, white fungus and so on. During the prevention and control, 80% dichlorvos IO (D-fold solution or 50% phoxim 200-500 times solution of insecticide can be sprayed on the mushroom bed frame before feeding and on the material surface after feeding. When the noodles are on the bed, they can be sprayed. 0.2% dimethoate emulsion, or O.4% trichlorfon or dichlorvos 1000 times plus a small amount of honey for trapping and killing. 1000 times to kill.
Eight, pseudo-claw common name black shell insects. Its larvae are called fishworms, which mainly harm black fungus. From March to May, 80% dichlorvos can be used to spray the ear field and its surrounding ground. Each time before 10 days, or after each pick ear spray 500 times a 500 times fish solution.
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