From the emergence of wheat to wintering, fertility is characterized by long roots, long leaves, long tillers, and vernalization stages, ie, "three-to-one completion," and the growth center is the tiller. The central task of field management is to build on the basis of conservation of seedlings, promote root growth, make weak seedlings grow stronger, and strong seedlings grow steadily to ensure that the wheat seedlings safely pass through the winter, laying a good foundation for the panicles and spikes in the coming year.
First, check seedling reseeding
Due to missed seed, lack of earthworms, underground pests, etc., resulting in land plots lacking seedlings and ridges, seedlings should be checked and replanted in a timely manner. The replanted wheat seedlings should be soaked in cold water for 24 hours and then sown to ensure that seedlings are fully grown. .
II. Eradication of plant diseases and pests
The common seedling pests are soil maggots, migratory locusts, underground pests, and leaf rust, once they are detected and prevented.
Three, overwhelming needle
When wheat enters the three-leaf stage, the nutrients in the endosperm of the seed are exhausted. The seedlings must rely on their own photosynthesis to produce nutrients for growth and development. This is a crucial period for promoting root growth. Overwhelming the needle is a powerful measure, that is, repressing it at the three-leaf stage to control the main stem, promote the delivery of tinea, control the ground and promote the role of the root system.
Fourth, scratch wheat soil
In case of rain during the tillering period, the wheat slush should be scratched in time to help remove the compaction and promote root growth. For Wang Miao, deep scratch (more than 7 cm), can play a role in root control. Saline-alkali wheat should be washed after rain and prevent back-salt from harming wheat seedlings.
V. Pouring good winter water and top dressing
Winter irrigation should be timely, generally starting at an average temperature of 7°C-8°C and ending at around 5°C. The amount of water in winter should not be too large. It is advisable to use water to seep through the day and avoid flooding. For the lack of basic seedlings or early sowing of defermented rice seedlings or wheat without adequate base fertilizer, combined with winter fertigation, 5-10 kg of urea per mu, prompting the early return of wheat to green, consolidate tiller before winter, increase tiller rate, so that Winter fertilizer used in spring.
Six, winter urination
Overwintering wheat fields before the return to the green can be poured before the urine, generally about 500 kg of urine poured per acre, saline or alkali wheat fields when there is snow should not pour urine.
VII. Covers
When the wheat enters the overwintering period, it is too early to yellow the wheat seedlings; if it is too late, the leaves are frozen and the operation is also difficult, and the desired effect is not achieved. After the winter irrigation, on the basis of the recalcitrant soil, bamboo shoots were used to cover the seedlings on the bamboo shoots in the Daxing Zhongrong, and the cover soil was about 2 cm. This technical measure can stabilize the temperature, reduce the evaporation of soil moisture, ensure that the wheat is green over winter, reduce the cracking of the ground, and make up for cracks.
Eight, repression
The cover is rolled 1-2 times before it is returned to green, and it is crushed and pulverized to make the soil fine and compact. This will help eliminate compaction, cracking, heat preservation, and filling of joints to prevent soil leakage.
Nine, forbidden wheat grazing
The green leaves retained during the overwintering period of the indica green can be used for photosynthesis after returning green, and it is the main source of nutrients needed for fresh growth. Winter grazing will cause a lot of damage to this part of the green area, weakening the ability to resist cold and reducing yield.
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