The black fungus (Auricularia auricula) is different from the white fungus because of its color blackness; it differs from the fungus because of its smoothness; it has fine fungus, fungus mushroom, black vegetable, cloud ear, light fungus, wood mushroom, wood fungus, tree Chicken and other names. Naturally distributed in temperate and subtropical mountain areas.
There are not many countries in the world that produce black fungus, mainly Asia, China, Japan, the Philippines and Thailand, but China has the highest production. In the 1950s, China successfully cultivated pure fungus of black fungus and applied it to production. Since the 1970s, the production of black fungus in China has been carried out using segmental wood cultivation and substitute cultivation. The total annual output (fresh) reached 360,000 tons, accounting for 90% of the total production of black fungus in the world. China's export of black fungus accounts for two-thirds of the total world trade.
Black fungus is a traditional food and medicinal fungus that our people love. It has high nutritional value and contains protein equivalent to meat. The human body has a high absorption rate. This is generally not comparable to rice, noodles and vegetables. of. Ash in black fungus is 6 to 10 times higher than normal meat, rice, noodles and vegetables. Black fungus can reduce human blood clots and prevent heart coronary artery disease. The black fungus gum has great adsorption capacity and can clean the lungs. It is an important health food for textile and coal miners. Black fungus contains polysaccharides and has an inhibitory effect on cancer cells in animals.
Northern development of the advantages of black fungus production:
Excellent weather conditions The climate characteristics of the North not only satisfy the growth of black fungus, but also produce high yields and good quality. Due to the dry climate in the north, the temperature difference is large and there is less rain, and the phenomenon of barrels and ear damage is lighter. The third is a good ear quality, a, secondary products accounted for about 70%, flower-shaped, ear thick plum shape, brown black, for export goods.
Abundant natural resources China's agricultural and sideline products are rich in resources. For example, Jilin Province has 37 million tons of rice straw each year; Shandong Province has an annual output of 500,000 tons of cotton shells, ranking the first in the country; Shanxi Province has 200,000 tons of cotton shells annually. , 3 million tons of cotton stalks, 3 million tons of wheat straw, 640,000 tons of corn cobs, 800,000 tons of sorghum shells and a large amount of sugar beet slag. In addition to the cultivation of a small number of fuels and oyster mushrooms, most of these raw materials were made of fertilizers and feeds, and even incinerated to pollute the environment. If 1% of it is used for the development of black fungus production, its output value is not only several hundred million, but several billion or even several hundred million yuan, and the benefits are substantial.
The advanced cultivation method is based on material cultivation. The raw materials are packed in plastic bags and the bags are covered under the conditions covered by the plastic film. The ears can be protected from the bad weather in the north, and microclimate conditions suitable for the growth of the fungus can be created. The temperature difference in the north is obvious, and the difference in dryness and humidity under plastic film is also easy to control. The quality of black fungus produced is generally higher than in the south, especially the quality of black fungus produced in Jilin and Heilongjiang. It is the best imported product for Japan and Hong Kong and Macao.
Adequate labor force cultivation of black edible fungus is a good industry with low investment, quick effect, and high efficiency. Its input-output ratio is 1:3, which exceeds the profit rate of any kind of rural industry. In general, a labor force can carry 2,000 bags (0.4-0.5 kilograms per bag) in addition to field operations. The bioconversion rate is 65-75%, which can produce 560 kilograms of fresh ears and 48 kilograms after drying. Kg dry ears. According to the current market conditions, the purchase price per kilogram of dry black fungus is 50-58 yuan, and the output value is 2400-2800 yuan, after deducting the cost of 900 yuan, the net income is between 1800-2200 yuan.
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