The following describes pollution-free organic soilless cultivation techniques. This technology can significantly improve the quality and yield of small fruit watermelons.
First, the preparation of cultivated trough cultivation materials First, the production of troughs, generally made of brick, the length of the greenhouse depending on the size, generally does not exceed 20 meters. The trough is 90 cm wide and 18 cm high and the walkway between the troughs is 90 cm. The bottom of the tank is covered with a 0.1 mm thick polyethylene film to isolate it from the ground. The cultivation material is a cultivation substrate, mainly coconut cocoon and river sand, and can be mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1. The particle size of river sand is 0.2-0.4 cm. When mixing the matrix, add 12 kg of chicken manure and commodity organic fertilizer (containing 20% ​​of organic matter, 8.8% of total nitrogen, 3.5% of total phosphorus, and 7.2% of total potassium) per cubic meter, and mix it and fill it in the cultivation tank.
At the same time, two drip irrigation belts are laid in parallel in each cultivation tank. The drip tape is 15 mm in diameter and the outlet is 50 cm apart. Each greenhouse shall be equipped with an independent water supply system and a pressurized water pump so that the outlet of each drip irrigation belt outlet is even and a filter device is installed to prevent the water outlet from becoming clogged.
Second, cultivation technology
1, species selection. Should choose the appearance of a beautiful, unique, good taste, high sugar, short growth period of small fruit varieties, such as gold beauty, black beauty and so on.
2, sowing nursery. The seeds are planted in the early spring from January to March and planted in the fall in September. Before sowing with hot water, seed soaking and germination. The nursery substrate is the same as the cultivation substrate, but the fertilizer dosage is 8 kg/m3. The seedling substrate is loaded into the seedling tray and can be sown after spraying.
3, cultivation and management. Seedlings 3 to 4 true leaves when planting. Before the planting, the substrate was drenched with water. Each row was planted with 2 rows. The row spacing was 70 cm and the spacing was 50 cm. The position of each planting should be close to the outlet of the drip irrigation belt. Avoid root damage when planting. 7 days after planting, fertilizer should be topdressed with 0.1 kg of urea and compound fertilizer per cubic meter. 20 days after planting, 4 kg of peanut bran was added per cubic meter (including 6.32% of total nitrogen, 1.17% of total phosphorus, and 1.34% of total potassium), and then a small amount of fast-acting fertilizer was applied according to the growth status. When the fruits and eggs are large, top dressing is performed once, and 0.3 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer is chased per cubic meter. In conjunction with disease prevention, 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed, sprayed once every 5 days, and sprayed three times.
Moisture management should determine the amount and frequency of irrigation based on plant growth and climatic conditions. When the plants are small and the temperature is low, fresh water can be dripped once every 2 to 3 days. Plants thrive, high temperatures, especially during fruit enlargement, require large amounts of water and must be watered daily. In the later period, water must be controlled. Avoid water before harvesting, otherwise it will affect the quality of the fruit.
In addition, pay attention to the introduction of vine pruning. When the melon seedling grows to around 10 knots, the main vine is fixed with a string and the vine is grown upward. Pollination should be carried out on the female vine 16 to 25 female flowers. When the plant height is 30 cm, except for the main vine, leave 1 side vine and remove the rest. Let the Lord confess one melon, and the other one side vine as a vegetative branch. Above the knot stage, leave 4-5 leaves topping
First, the preparation of cultivated trough cultivation materials First, the production of troughs, generally made of brick, the length of the greenhouse depending on the size, generally does not exceed 20 meters. The trough is 90 cm wide and 18 cm high and the walkway between the troughs is 90 cm. The bottom of the tank is covered with a 0.1 mm thick polyethylene film to isolate it from the ground. The cultivation material is a cultivation substrate, mainly coconut cocoon and river sand, and can be mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1. The particle size of river sand is 0.2-0.4 cm. When mixing the matrix, add 12 kg of chicken manure and commodity organic fertilizer (containing 20% ​​of organic matter, 8.8% of total nitrogen, 3.5% of total phosphorus, and 7.2% of total potassium) per cubic meter, and mix it and fill it in the cultivation tank.
At the same time, two drip irrigation belts are laid in parallel in each cultivation tank. The drip tape is 15 mm in diameter and the outlet is 50 cm apart. Each greenhouse shall be equipped with an independent water supply system and a pressurized water pump so that the outlet of each drip irrigation belt outlet is even and a filter device is installed to prevent the water outlet from becoming clogged.
Second, cultivation technology
1, species selection. Should choose the appearance of a beautiful, unique, good taste, high sugar, short growth period of small fruit varieties, such as gold beauty, black beauty and so on.
2, sowing nursery. The seeds are planted in the early spring from January to March and planted in the fall in September. Before sowing with hot water, seed soaking and germination. The nursery substrate is the same as the cultivation substrate, but the fertilizer dosage is 8 kg/m3. The seedling substrate is loaded into the seedling tray and can be sown after spraying.
3, cultivation and management. Seedlings 3 to 4 true leaves when planting. Before the planting, the substrate was drenched with water. Each row was planted with 2 rows. The row spacing was 70 cm and the spacing was 50 cm. The position of each planting should be close to the outlet of the drip irrigation belt. Avoid root damage when planting. 7 days after planting, fertilizer should be topdressed with 0.1 kg of urea and compound fertilizer per cubic meter. 20 days after planting, 4 kg of peanut bran was added per cubic meter (including 6.32% of total nitrogen, 1.17% of total phosphorus, and 1.34% of total potassium), and then a small amount of fast-acting fertilizer was applied according to the growth status. When the fruits and eggs are large, top dressing is performed once, and 0.3 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer is chased per cubic meter. In conjunction with disease prevention, 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed, sprayed once every 5 days, and sprayed three times.
Moisture management should determine the amount and frequency of irrigation based on plant growth and climatic conditions. When the plants are small and the temperature is low, fresh water can be dripped once every 2 to 3 days. Plants thrive, high temperatures, especially during fruit enlargement, require large amounts of water and must be watered daily. In the later period, water must be controlled. Avoid water before harvesting, otherwise it will affect the quality of the fruit.
In addition, pay attention to the introduction of vine pruning. When the melon seedling grows to around 10 knots, the main vine is fixed with a string and the vine is grown upward. Pollination should be carried out on the female vine 16 to 25 female flowers. When the plant height is 30 cm, except for the main vine, leave 1 side vine and remove the rest. Let the Lord confess one melon, and the other one side vine as a vegetative branch. Above the knot stage, leave 4-5 leaves topping
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