First, cultivation methods
1, dryland cultivation. After digging the ball each year, the small side ball can be planted immediately, or it can be planted from September to October. Singing with a single ball, spacing of 6 cm 25 cm or 6 cm 15 cm. Dryland cultivation, conservation is more extensive, in addition to applying 2-3 times water and fertilizer, not often watered. Single row planting can be interspersed with crops.
2, paddy field cultivation. In August-September, the land was ploughed, flooded, and immersed in the fields for 1-2 weeks. The water was drained and ploughed several times, with a depth of 35 cm or more. The basal fertilization and squatting are applied. The width is 120 cm, the height is 40 cm, and the width of the sulcus is about 35 cm. The water flow must be smooth. Sowing from the end of September to October, the plant spacing varies with the size of the bulb, generally adopting small plant spacing and large row spacing cultivation. The 3 year old bulblet is 15 cm 40 cm, and the 2 year old is 12 cm 35 cm. When planting, pay attention to the direction of the shoot so that the flat surface of the leaf is parallel to the groove after the leaf is drawn. Cover soil 5-6 cm, infiltrate decomposed manure and urine, then divert water into the ditch, after the water penetrates the entire surface, drain the water, cut the soil and cover the surface, so that the edge is vertical, covering the straw, so that the water in the ditch Rise along the straw and keep it moist. The bulbs are highly susceptible to germs and are sterilized with 40% formalin 100-fold diluted for 5 minutes before planting.
In order to make the bulb grow rapidly after the last cultivation, which is beneficial to flowering, the 3-year-old bulb must be "castrated" before planting. "Mowing" is required within 2-4 days before planting. First remove the bulbs on both sides of the bulb and peel off the skin. When operating, hold the bulb in the left hand and turn the bulb plate outwards. Use a sharp thin metal knife. Cut the blade obliquely from the top to the bottom of the stem and disk. Cut in 7-8 layers of scales, dig net axillary buds, and do not injure the bulb and main bud. . After the "castration," the incision flows out of white mucus, and it is put in a cool and ventilated place. After drying, it is planted again.
Fertilization is based on basal fertilizer. According to the size of the bulb, the fertilizer is applied once every 7 days or 10 days or 15 days. The initial application of human urine adds a little urea, and appropriate scale fertilizer is added later.
During the growth period, sufficient water is needed. The root and crown should be immersed in water. The bulbs should be kept moist and the stems and leaves must have high relative humidity during the growing season. Pay attention to drainage during the rainy season. The three-year-old ball should adopt string irrigation, that is, water is introduced from one end, and the other is discharged, so that the water around the planting bowl can flow continuously. Afterwards, Mongri was drained and drained until the ground was withered (before the summer solstice). Keep 0.5-1 cm of roots, cut off the rest, and use the mud to seal the bulbs and bulbs on both sides to avoid shedding. After the soil is sealed, the bulbs are spread upwards on a dry ground and dried, then stacked upside down and stored in a cool, ventilated room.
3, soilless cultivation. This new cultivation method is an improvement of the ground cultivation method. A cultivation tank with a width of 150 cm and a depth of 30-40 cm is required to be cultivated, and sand, decomposed wood chips or perlite are placed in the tank. Nutrition during growth should be comprehensive, pH 6-7. Fertilize once or twice a week during initial planting, fertilize 2-3 times a week during vigorous growth, and stop fertilization after May.
Second, the breeding method
1, side ball breeding. This is the most common method. Side balls are born on both sides of the bulb, and only the base is connected to the cue ball. It is easy to leave the mother's body. It is separated from the cue ball in the autumn and planted separately. New balls are produced the following year.
2, lateral bud reproduction. Lateral buds are buds that are contained inside bulbs. They are only used for bulbous cutting (ie, retaining the main bud in the center of the bulb, digging off the axillary buds on both sides, so that the main nutrient is concentrated in the nutrient supply, and the main bud is used as the center to re-inflate and form the next bud. The new flowering bulbs and centuries produce several lateral bulbs and form a set of penholder bulbs on the same bulb.) They are removed from the mother's body along with the excavated broken scales, picked out the white buds, and sowed on the nursery bed in the fall. , new ball will be produced the following year.
3, double scale reproduction. Using a bulb with two scales as a propagation material, the double scales are called. The method is: the bulbs are stored at a low temperature of 4-10°C for 4-8 weeks, then the bulbs are cut at room temperature so that each piece has 2 scales, and the upper end of the scales is cut off to leave 2 cm. Propagate the material, then use a plastic bag to contain 50% water and sand, put the propagation material into a bag, close the bag, set the dark place at a temperature of 20-28°C, and grow the bulbs after 2-3 months. This law can be carried out in all seasons, but it is better from April to September. The balling rate is 80-90% and the survival rate of the generated bulblet after transplantation is 80-100%.
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