Green feeding chopper safety hazards and preventive measures

At present, a large number of popular simple green feed choppers (hereinafter abbreviated as “cutters”) are used to spot-weld a cast iron angle iron rod hot-rolled with scrap iron and are equipped with a low-quality motor of about 60 yuan, and a motor shaft is installed. Outside the cutter, a protective cover is spot-welded with less than 1mm thick sheet metal or scrap iron, and the total price of the machine containing the motor is less than RMB 120. The aircraft's low price, annual sales of hundreds of thousands of units, many self-employed into production, has formed a vicious price competition, cutting corners to cut corners, serious security risks, casualties are shocking. According to reports, there were more than 1,000 accidents in only one county, and it became a veritable "cutting cell phone", which was the most hidden danger in agricultural machinery. It is now analyzing its security risks and proposing improvement measures for the improvement of the company's reorganization and the supervision and management of the industry.
1. At present, the horizontal distance between the green feeder and the cutter is generally less than 300mm. There is no mechanical feeding device. When the operator feeds the material by hand, the finger can easily touch the cutter and cause a hand-cut accident. According to the requirements of national standards, the horizontal distance between the inlet and the cutter should be ≥ 850mm. Lengthening the feed inlet in the absence of a mechanical feed device will inevitably result in feeding difficulties. For comprehensive safety and convenience considerations, it is recommended to design the feed inlet and horizontal direction ≤ 15°, and the horizontal distance between the feed inlet and the cutter ≥ 550mm, so that the operator will not have a hand-cut accident during normal operation when standing. In addition, it is recommended that a hand-held push mechanism with a long handle be used to push the green feed to the cutter, and a limit device preventing the push mechanism from reaching the cutter can be provided on the handle and the feed inlet of the push mechanism to avoid accidents caused by hand-cutting.
Second, the current thickness of non-cutting knife three, security guards are not safe. At present, safety guards outside the cutters are spot welded using less than 1 mm thick sheet metal or scrap metal. There have been many times that the cutter has broken off at a speed of more than 2900 r/min, broke through the protective cover, and suffered a casualty accident. In addition, the height of the current outlet and the maximum rotating outer diameter of the protective cover>> protective cover; in addition to increase the discharge port and the cutting knife maximum rotating outer diameter of the protective cover height, so that the distance is ≥ 250mm, and appropriate increase The distance from the mouth to the floor, but the height of the entrance to the ground should be controlled within 1100mm, which can avoid the accident of cutting hands or feet, and also can reduce the number of times of material accumulation. Metal tools remove accumulated material. If the power is transmitted by means of belts, protective devices shall be installed on the exposed rotating parts.
4. There is no linkage brake device between the moving door and the motor. There have been many cases where processing has just ended. Farmers lacking safety awareness are eager to open the movable door. At this time, although the power supply has been cut off, the cutter is still rotating at a high speed to form a closed disc, so that it is difficult to see that the cutter is still rotating. It reached out to remove the material attached to the shredding chamber and cut off the fingers. Therefore, it is recommended to increase the linkage brake device between the movable door and the motor, and only need to set a total power contact and parking reverse brake switch in which the movable door and the motor are linked, so that the active door is opened or not closed and the motor will brake Stop or fail to start, avoid cutting accidents.
Fifth, due to the cutter's rotation to the design error and the failure to take reliable measures to prevent loosening, it caused the cutter to loosen and fall off and cause accidents. It is recommended that the tightening nut rotation should be opposite to the rotation of the motor, the lock nut should not be less than eight, while taking effective measures to prevent loosening the nut (such as the installation of open spring pad, using double nuts, etc.).
6. At present, most of the racks are made of spot irons with hot iron angles of 30303mm or less, which completely fails to prevent accidental collapse. It is recommended to use normal hot rolled angle steel with a strength of ≥ 40405mm or more for continuous welding. Spot welding must not be used. It is not allowed to have defects such as missed welding, desoldering, and cracks, so as to ensure that loosening and desoldering will not occur during normal use.
VII. Currently, the price of a wide range of supporting power is only around RMB 60, indicating a poor quality motor with a rated power of over 0.55 kw. After repeated tests, the author's actual power is only 0.2-0.8 kw, and the overload capacity is extremely poor. More, it is easy to clog and turn and even burn the motor. There has been a choke chamber material clogging operator who forgot to cut off the power to clear the blockage, resulting in the sudden operation of the motor and cutting the finger accident. It is recommended to provide motors that are manufactured by regular and well-known enterprises and that have obtained the national compulsory certification (“CCC” certification). Take its nominal power rating as 1.1kw as an example, its normal price should be around RMB 200; at the same time, it is recommended to use a low-speed motor with a 1450r/min priority and a green cutting machine.
8. It is recommended to improve the text warning instructions and safety warning signs for dangerous locations. In the feeding hood, "No hand, metal, hard objects should be put inside", "The feeding hood must not be removed when using the machine"; "No for hands, feet, metal, hard "Dirty objects into the protective cover to remove deposits", "The machine is not allowed to stand at the outlet when the machine is running"; The text warning instructions in the setting of "The forbidden to remove and open the movable door while the machine is working" should be set at the same time. In accordance with the relevant provisions of the national standards, the parts shall be set with permanent and prominent safety warning signs; in addition, the durable cutters shall be marked with arrows in the obvious parts of the machine.

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