蟾蜍Manual farming wintering technology

In the fall, it's crucial to increase feeding to prepare for hibernation. As a temperature-sensitive species, this animal enters hibernation from late autumn to early spring. During this time, if food is scarce, they may die due to starvation after waking in the spring. They prefer small animals and avoid stationary objects. Therefore, each October, we mix bean dregs with pig or goat blood and place them in containers for natural fermentation. This process attracts flies, which lay eggs. After 5-6 days, mites hatch and begin to emerge from the containers. At the same time, we turn on a few lights in the evening to attract other insects, allowing the crickets to feed and grow stronger before winter. Before November each year, when water temperatures drop to around 10–12°C, the crickets enter hibernation. They stop eating and moving slowly, and instead of staying on land, they move into the water to survive the cold months. To prepare for winter, several trenches are dug in the middle of the farm or surrounding areas. These trenches should cover 10–20% of the total area, with a depth of 30–100 cm, deeper in the northern regions. About 10–30 larvae are placed per square meter of water. During severe winters, especially when ice forms, it’s important to break the ice in the morning to allow oxygen to dissolve in the water and prevent suffocation. Alternatively, crickets can be kept indoors. Use cylinders, pots, or buckets filled with 20 cm of water and then place the crickets inside. It’s best to maintain the water temperature between 1–8°C to avoid high room temperatures that could disrupt their hibernation. If possible, plastic film greenhouses can be used to overwinter crickets. The temperature inside should be kept between 1–10°C, but during sunny midday hours, the temperature can rise too high, so regular ventilation is necessary. Whether overwintering outdoors, indoors, or in a greenhouse, it’s essential to regularly check the water levels. If there is a leak, water should be replenished immediately. If the water remains clean and doesn’t deteriorate, there’s no need to change it throughout the winter. Before placing the crickets in the water for winter, disinfect the pools and containers with a diluted bleach solution (1:10 ratio) to prevent bacterial infections. When spring arrives and the average daily temperature rises above 10°C, the crickets begin to spawn. At this point, we use nets to collect the eggs and transfer them to another pool for hatching. Meanwhile, the overwintering crickets start climbing to the shore to search for food, marking the end of their hibernation period. It’s also important to protect them from predators like rats and otters during the winter months.

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