Fruit scab (1) Disease symptoms Guava fruit is infected, the initial lesion is round, brown, brown or yellowish edges, the central ring of black spots, when the lesion is sunken, the lesion edge and the Ministry of Jian organizations The epidermis is separated but not exfoliated, the black dots are the handle shells of the germs and will dry later, releasing black powdery stalks. In recent years, the observation of scabs can be divided into two categories: 1 Infected people under the natural conditions of the field fruit, the main injurious conditions as described earlier. 2 Due to the lack of calcium in the fruit, the fruit form was injured. Brown lesions were formed and the pathogens reinfected the surface of the affected fruit. Therefore, the shank shell of the black dots was visible on the outside, but the internal tissues of the fruits did not soften but instead showed corkation. After the first type was infected by pathogenic bacteria, the internal tissues were often softened with water and were orange or purple-yellow. (2) Prevention and cure method 1 The prevention and treatment of scab disease is still used for bagging with better control effect. The fruit ripening period in Thailand is extremely long. The early Thai strains were 90 days in the summer mature period and 110-120 days in the winter mature period. Therefore, the field prevention and treatment period is extremely long, and the general chemical agents are difficult to control. At present, the prevention and treatment of scabs are still used for bagging. Prevention is the mainstay. 2 During the application period of pharmaceuticals, attention should be paid to the relative humidity of the atmosphere. After rain, the relative humidity of the atmosphere will increase, and the release of pathogenic bacteria and intrusion of pathogenic bacteria will be favorable. This is the period of application of pharmaceuticals. There are 50% of the retort special wettable powder agent 500-600 times; 50% thiophanate-methyl WP 500-800 times; 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 1000%-1500% times; 50% carbendazim Wettable powder 1000%-1500% times; 38% carbendazim suspension 1000 times; 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 500-800 times. 3 Exotic seedlings should undergo rigorous testing. For diseased seedlings, introduction should be prevented. The scion from the ward can be soaked in 50% Benzoate 800 times for 30 minutes. The disinfection effect is very good. 8. Fruit scab (tentative name) (1) Disease symptoms Guava Scab (tentative name) is caused by a fungus. The earliest report of this disease in Taiwan was Professor Cai Zhugu of Chiayi Agricultural College. Malaysia has similar diseases. The victim’s fruit initially presented with small brown spots and had a slightly inward depression. The spots expanded to a few centimeters in diameter as the infection lasted longer, and the lesions were also interconnected and irregularly shaped. The initial lesion of this disease has a brown color, but later on there will be black spots of concentric rings on the surface of the lesion. The edge of the lesion and the sound pulp tissue will easily produce a layer of separation, and this lesion will peel off from the disease. , forming a hole inwardly hollowed. In addition to the brown lesions, this disease also produces dark blue to blue-tinted lesions with a brown margin on the periphery of the lesion. The flesh tissue is blue-black, and this symptom-based diagnostic method is easily discernible in the field. Injury was not seen in the young fruit period, and small to large lesions can be seen in bagging at the fruit ripening stage. Although the lesions are obvious, the conidia are not easily released. Once the mature fruits start dehydration withering, the lesions have turned black. The epidermis will release highly concentrated conidia. The spores are colorless and elliptical in shape and have a diameter of 10 μm x 7.5 μm. There is an attached filament on the top of the spores. In addition to the conidia, the sexual ascospores and ascospores can also be found on the lesions. There are colloidal mucoid attachments on both ends of the ascospores.(2) Control methods The occurrence of the disease was discovered throughout the year and occurred in September-November. The pesticide can be applied regularly before flowering after guava pruning. % mancozeb (dat) and 40% tetrazine (Tecdo) until bagging of fruit during the flowering period
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