First, create an anaerobic environment. Lactic acid bacteria are anaerobic bacteria, and are most suitable for breeding in anoxic and anaerobic environment. If the silage material contains more air, it will create conditions for aerobic bacteria, resulting in poor fermentation of silage. Therefore, the silage materials should be cut short (2 to 3 cm for rough straw, 3 to 5 cm for fine straw and vines), and the raw materials in the cellar should be compacted and compacted (550 to 600 kg per cubic meter). The tighter the seal, the better, so that it does not leak gas, no water leakage, and as short as possible cellaring time, in order to quickly create a lasting anaerobic environment, reduce the loss of nutrients, improve the quality of silage. Second, to ensure adequate sugar. Silage raw materials contain enough sugar to allow the lactic acid vaccine to multiply and form sufficient lactic acid. According to the data, only 60% of the glucose consumed in the silage fermentation turns to lactic acid, which means that 1.7 g of glucose is required for every gram of lactate formed. Therefore, the sugar content of silage materials should be at least 1% to 1.5% of fresh weight. The level of sugar content varies depending on the silage materials, such as corn, sorghum stalks, grasses, pumpkins, cabbage and other feeds, containing relatively rich sugar, easy to silage, and other leguminous grasses such as alfalfa and clover, including sugar content Low, not suitable for silage alone, can be mixed with gramineous forage at the ratio of 4:6 or 5:5, and can also add 3% to 5% of corn flour and bran during silage to increase sugar content. Third, maintain the right amount of water. How much water content of silage raw materials is also an important factor affecting the speed of lactic acid bacteria breeding, if the raw material is not enough water, step on the press is not true, the oxidation is strong, aerobic bacteria are involved in a large number of activities, causing feed moldy deterioration; if the raw water is too much, easy Compact agglomerates are conducive to the growth and reproduction of tyrosanobacteria and to the conversion of lactic acid to butyric acid, protein breakdown, and pH increase, affecting the quality of silage. The optimum amount of silage material containing water is divided into 65% to 75%. An easy way to determine the moisture content is to grip the silage material firmly, so that the water between the fingers does not dribble. If the silage raw material contains moisture; otherwise, if the moisture content is too low, you can sprinkle some water properly or use a high-water content of green feed to adjust. Fourth, grasp the appropriate harvest. As the green feed generally grows and matures, the stems and leaves gradually become thicker and harder, and the nutrients contained therein also decrease. In order to obtain quality silage, silage materials must be properly harvested. The requirements for proper harvesting of poor silage materials are: legumes and weeds should be harvested from bud stage to full flower stage, gramineous pastures and wheat are harvested from booting to early heading; the best harvest time of eared corn is at late milking stage. In the early wax-cooking period, such as silage corn stalks to keep 1/2 of the green leaves best; sorghum is harvested in the late milking period is good; sweet potato vines before the next frost or harvested 1 to 2 days before harvest; all kinds of tree tender Branches, branches and leaves can be harvested before the deciduous silage. Fifth, control the fermentation temperature. After the silage material is put into silo towers, pits, and bags, the cells are still breathing, oxidizing the carbohydrates and generating carbon dioxide and water. At the same time, heat energy is released. As the respiration progresses, the temperature rises to 55°C to 70°C. In order to ensure the quality of silage and reduce nutrient losses, the fermentation temperature should be controlled at 25°C to 30°C. In the process of silage to prevent excessive temperature, the approach is: to shorten the silage time, do fast, fast, fast cut, quick-fitting, fast-stepping, quick seal, the general silage process should be completed within 2 to 3 days; When silos must be pressed tightly sealed silage materials, as much as possible to discharge the air within the material; silo, tower (container) must be away from heat, and prevent direct sunlight.