Combined use of targeted angiotensin drugs reduces the incidence of arrhythmias

Recently, a study published by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) in 2011 showed that for patients with a history of atrial fibrillation if they were prescribed both an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and an angiotensin II receptor Blockers (ARB) may reduce the onset of new arrhythmias.

Dr. Susanna Vatinian of the Institute of Cardiology in Yerevan, Armenia, pointed out that the benefits of the combined use of ACE and ARB include better blood pressure control, prevention of heart and cerebrovascular events, excellent safety and tolerability characteristics.

Dr. Vatinian pointed out that valsartan and perindopril monotherapy can significantly alter the heart volume in patients with hypertension and a history of atrial fibrillation, while heart volume changes are more robust in patients receiving both medications. She said that the same relationship was observed in the onset of atrial fibrillation. Twenty-five percent of patients receiving monotherapy had arrhythmia, and when patients were taking both drugs, only 12.9% of patients had atrial fibrillation (P<0.001).

The study included 93 patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension, type 2 diabetes, left ventricular hypertrophy, and left atrial dilated sinus rhythm who had recorded at least 4 episodes of atrial fibrillation in the past 12 months. All patients received amiodarone treatment.

Patients were randomized to receive valsartan 80 mg (N=31), perindopril 10 mg (N=31), or combination therapy (N=31). Electrocardiograms were performed on these patients 12 months after baseline and trials were performed.

After 12 months, the systolic blood pressure in the valsartan group decreased by 32.2 mmHg from baseline, and the diastolic blood pressure decreased by 21.6 mmHg. Patients in the perindopril group (mean decrease in systolic blood pressure by 30.1 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure by 23.3 mmHg) were similar to those in the combination group (reduced systolic blood pressure by 34.8 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure by 24.6 mmHg). Dr. Vatinian stated that there was no statistically significant difference in these differences.

In the valsartan group, the left atrial dimension decreased by 48.4%, the perindopril group decreased by 45.2%, and the use of both drugs decreased by 61.3% (P<0.001).

54.8% of patients receiving valsartan had a decrease in left ventricular volume index; 58.1% of patients receiving perindopril and 71% of patients receiving combination therapy had a decreased left ventricular volume index (P<0.001).

During the study period, 22.6% of valsartan patients, 25.8% of perindopril patients, and 12.9% of patients treated with combination therapy had atrial fibrillation (P<0.05).

Dr. Vatinian said that in patients with essential hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and recurrent atrial fibrillation, the combination of amiodarone with perindopril or valsartan can prevent atrial fibrillation more effectively than monotherapy. The combination therapy is also safe and well tolerated.

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