Sugarcane yellow rust

Symptoms mainly affect the leaves. At the beginning, small yellowish spots were produced on the leaves. After the lesions, orange-to-brown uredia spores 2 to 10 mm in length were produced on both sides of the leaves and were called yellow rust. Later turned into a black teliospore heap. The diseased leaves die.

There are two kinds of pathogens: Puccinia melanocephala Sydow called the black shank rust and Puccinia kuehnii Butl. called bacterium Puccinia, are basidiomycotina fungi. Pyricularia nigricans, orange or orange-brown, oval to pear-shaped, 24.1 to 34.918.1-25.3 (m) in size, with 3 to 4 buds. The summer spores are evenly thickened around the wall. The teliospores are two-celled and have a smooth wall. The top wall is often thickened, stick-like, pale to brick, and has a size of 28.9 to 45.814.5 to 21.7 (μm). The stem rust of Prunella sclerotiorum is back-leafed and grows 0.5 to 1 mm long. When the epidermis breaks, cinnamon powder is scattered. The summer spores are oval in shape, with thorns on the surface, pale yellow, 25 to 4217 to 25 (μm) in size, 1.5 to 2.5 μm in wall thickness, and 4 bud holes in the equator. Winter spore heap black, winter

The spores are oblong in shape, with a round or flat top, dark brown, 30 to 5615 to 22 (μm) in size, and 2 to 4.5 μm in wall thickness, with a septum, short peduncle, and yellow-brown.

Transmission routes and disease conditions The disease is mainly transmitted by the summer spores, and is attached to the surface of the sugarcane leaf by wind force and invaded through the stomata. The primary sources of infestation were mainly from sugarcane itself and other intermediate hosts. The occurrence of the disease is closely related to the temperature, with temperatures ranging from 16 to 22°C occurring most, and Taiwan being the heaviest from January to April. The Q88 and caramel 8-8 planted in Fujian in the 1980s are very susceptible.

Control methods (1) selection of disease-resistant varieties. Such as Yue Tang 71/210, Yue Tang 63/237, Lozenge 70/611 and so on. (2) In the initial stage of disease, 80% of Dasheng M-45 WP or 80% of WP WP can be sprayed 600 times every 7-10 days for 2 to 3 times.

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