At present, the epidemic has become an important factor restricting the development of the duck industry. In order to raise healthy ducks and ducks, we must strengthen our ideology of "prevention from over control" and work hard on hygiene, epidemic prevention, feeding and management to ensure that there are no loopholes, and ultimately increase the economic efficiency of ducks.
1. Scientific Site Selection The duck farm should be built in rivers and lakes away from water pollution areas, away from public places, away from traffic arteries and other animal production or breeding sites, and away from birds or waterfowl. The basic requirements for the construction of duck farms are leeward, sunny, flat and dry, conducive to drainage, adequate water supply, and convenient use of electricity. Attention must not be given to building or expanding farms on the original poultry farms, and must not be polycultured by chickens, ducks or geese. The duck farm should be divided into production area, management area and waste disposal area. Each area should be strictly isolated. The standardization should be designed. There should be fences or dig-proof epidemic ditch around the field area and the production area. The feet should be set on the farm area, production area and duck house entrance. Stepping on the disinfection pool and UV lamp, duck house with screens, a dressing room in the production area, thorough disinfection of vehicles entering and exiting the duck farm and related items, to prevent entry of germs or contaminated utensils, vehicles, and feedstuffs. The layout of the duck houses should be scientific, and the distance should be consistent with the requirements of hygiene and epidemic prevention. The structure should strive to be reasonable. The ground, ceilings and walls should be suitable for scouring and disinfection. The breeding scaffolds or cages should be sturdy and durable to facilitate dismantlement, cleaning and disinfection.
2. Doing a good job in sanitation and hygiene is one of the most effective ways to reduce infection and cut off transmission. Therefore, regular cleaning and disinfection should be performed around duck farms and duck farms to ensure that weeds, rotting wood, dead ducks, and miscellaneous items are not found. Aisles, curtains, curtains, troughs, sinks, etc. in duck houses should be kept clean. It is necessary to do a good job of eliminating rodents, killing flies, and killing wild birds entering the field at any time. Farms should be farmed by dedicated personnel, and non-raising personnel must not enter the poultry house and decline all visits. Keeping personnel entering the production and breeding area should change their shoes and disinfect. Each breeder is prohibited from stringing and stringing to prevent cross-infection.
3, the introduction of strong young ducklings in the purchase of ducklings, we must do a good job inspection, purchase of regular farm management, quality assurance, certification, complete field farm duck, must not be coveted cheap and ignore the quality. Selection of seedlings should be selected healthy and lively, uniform size, weight 55-60 grams, good absorption of yolk, no large navel, no obvious disease of ducklings.
4, scientific allocation of feed to strengthen the processing of feed processing and disinfection, can not use moldy, wormy, toxic and harmful, poor quality and unclean feed. When buying raw materials or full-priced materials, you need to “read and readâ€, that is, look at the color, see the feed evenness, see the packaging and trademarks, see the date of production, smell the smell of feed. Houses should have enough clean drinking water to allow the ducks to eat and drink enough to meet the needs of growth, development and production, and enhance disease resistance.
5, to strengthen the management of feeding and management contains many points of production technology: such as temperature, humidity, light, ventilation, breeding density and so on. The general suitable breeding density is: within 7 days of ground containment, 15-20/sq.m., 10-14 on 8-14 days/m2, and 8-10/m2 on 15-21 days. Feed 6-8/m2. If used on the web, the density can be increased appropriately. The temperature is: within 7 days of age, the temperature of the brooding chamber is 28-30°C; the age of 8-14 days is 25-28°C; the age of 15-21 days is 21-24°C; the age of 22-28 days is 20-21°C. It is 15-20 °C. Lighting: Install a 40-watt ordinary lighting bulb for every 10 square meters of duck can to meet the lighting requirements. Ventilate properly to eliminate harmful gases and moisture in the home. It is advisable for the farm to implement a system of "all-in, all-out" feeding.
6, before the strict disinfection and disinfection of physical cleaning to do the first, cleaning, washing in accordance with a certain order, generally after the first sweep after washing, the first roof, rear wall, and then the ground. From the far end of the duck house to the doorway, the indoor first and then the environment are gradually carried out. After careful and thorough cleaning and cleaning, 80% to 90% of the pathogens can be eliminated, and the amount of organic matter such as feces can be greatly reduced. When the empty house is sterilized, follow the first net road (the road that transports feed, etc.) and the rear dirt road (the road that the excrement truck drives), and the entire site should not be disinfected twice a week. Emptying room disinfection generally uses 2-3 different types of disinfectant drugs alternately. When ducks are sterilized, the ducklings that have been sterilized with ducks for the first time are not less than 7 days of age. The time of re-sterilization afterwards can be determined according to the contamination in the duck housing. Generally, it is conducted once a week in the brooding period and once in the breeding period 7-10 days. , ducks once a day for 10 days, the onset of the disease should adhere to once a day.
7. The timely immunization of duck farms should be combined with the local conditions, the immune characteristics of the vaccine and antibody monitoring, and scientifically develop the immunization program. When immunization, it is necessary to use the qualified vaccines of the regular manufacturers, strictly follow the doses and methods described in the vaccine label, and must not use expired or improperly preserved vaccines. If an infectious disease occurs in this group or in the adjacent group of ducks during the feeding period, emergency vaccination or injection of hyperimmune serum should be performed to quickly control the epidemic. At the same time, drug prevention must be done. Drug prevention is an important means to prevent bacterial diseases and parasitic diseases. The key is to master the use of drugs, drug selection and use methods. According to the characteristics of the drug and the actual clinical needs, select different types of drugs to prevent ducks from developing resistance.
8. Timely diagnosis and treatment Early detection of diseased ducks and correct diagnosis and treatment can effectively prevent large-scale outbreaks of disease. Observe the duck groups in production. If abnormal ducks are found, they must be promptly segregated and immediately send sick ducks for diagnostic tests and formulate treatment plans for the patients. The sick ducks with little therapeutic value should be eliminated as quickly as possible and harmlessly treated to prevent environmental pollution and human-induced diseases.
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