Potato field management techniques and key points

Although the price of potatoes is not expensive, the market demand is still quite large, ranging from export to a small piece of French fries are processed using potatoes as raw materials. In the process of potato planting, if these details are not done well, it will be difficult for potatoes to achieve high yields.

Potato field management techniques and key points

1. Check seedlings

Check the seedlings in time after the potatoes come out. If there is a shortage of seedlings, make up the seedlings in time to ensure the whole seedlings. When sowing, surplus potato pieces are densely planted in the field to replenish seedlings. When replenishing seedlings, if there is a diseased potato in the missing hole, first dig out the diseased potato and the surrounding soil before refilling the seedling. When the soil is dry, dig holes for watering and plant seedlings after applying a small amount of fertilizer to reduce the slowing down time and restore growth as soon as possible.

2. Cultivating soil

The cultivating loose soil makes the soil of the tuber layer loose and aerated, which is conducive to the growth of roots, the elongation of stolons and the expansion of tubers. Before emergence, the soil should be loosened to facilitate emergence. After the seedlings, the first intertillage should be carried out in time, with a depth of 8-10 cm, combined with weeding. 10-15 days after the first intertillage, the second intertillage should be carried out, preferably slightly shallow. When budding, the third cultivating is performed, which is shallower than the second cultivating.

Potato field management techniques and key points

3. Timely top dressing

Potatoes take a long time from sowing to emergence. After emergence, it is necessary to use clean manure water and a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer to apply sprout fertilizer as soon as possible to promote the rapid growth of seedlings. During the budding stage, combine soil cultivation and topdressing to apply a potato fertilizer, mainly potassium fertilizer, combined with nitrogen fertilizer, and the amount of fertilizer applied depends on the growth of the plants. Generally, no fertilization is required after flowering. If the phenomenon of defertilization and premature senescence occurs in the later period, it can be sprayed with phosphorus and potassium or combined with trace elements.

4. Pest control

The common diseases of potato include virus disease, late blight, bacterial wilt, ring rot, scab, cancer, etc. Late blight should be controlled with Bordeaux mixture or Ruidu mold as early as possible. The control method of bacterial wilt is mainly through Reasonable crop rotation, selection of disease-resistant varieties, and small whole potatoes as seeds for prevention and control. Pests mainly include ladybirds, silkworms, aphids, grubs, mole crickets, etc., which can be controlled by pesticides or manual killing.

Potato field management techniques and key points

5. Timely harvest

When the growth of potatoes stops and most of the stems and leaves are yellow, the tubers are easily separated from the stolons, the skin becomes hard, and the dry matter content reaches the maximum limit. This is the optimal harvest period for edible tubers. The use of tubers should be 5-7 days earlier. Harvest to reduce the adverse effects of high temperature in the later growth period and improve seed characteristics.

6. Storage

Remove diseased potatoes, damaged potatoes and deformed potatoes that have scratched seed coats, and store them in separate layers in a cool (1-4°C), dry, and ventilated place, each layer is 50cm thick. Flip and check once every 20 days or so to pick out rotten potatoes to prevent infection of other potato pieces.

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