N, P, and K are three major nutrients necessary for plant growth, and the lack of any one of them will affect the normal growth and yield of the crop. With the promotion of soil testing and fertilizer application techniques, most farmers also have a certain understanding of the application of potash fertilizer to crops, but they should also be “five attentions†for specific applications.
First, pay attention to the response of crops to potash fertilizer The potassium fertilizers currently used in production are mainly KCl, K2SO4, KCl contains K2O 50-60% and cheap, suitable for general field crops and crops sensitive to S, such as cucumber and bitter gourd; K2SO4 contains K2O 48-52%, the price is higher, applicable to the CL sensitive crops such as watermelon, sweet potato, potato, grape, tobacco, peach, pear. Potassium application to potassium-sensitive crops is effective, and legumes and maize are sensitive to potassium.
Second, pay attention to Potassium fertilizer should be applied early in the application of potassium, generally based on the main application. Poorly preserved soil can be applied in divided doses to reduce the loss of potassium. For example, the absorption of potassium by maize is mainly in the seedling stage, and it is basically no longer absorbed by the flowering and heading stage.
Third, pay attention to the amount of fertilizer scientific application of potash fertilizer, can increase crop yield, improve the quality of agricultural products, enhance crop resistance to lodging, disease resistance, drought resistance; but excessive use of potassium fertilizer, not only waste, but also cause yellow leaves, dry heart and other physiological diseases , and even affect the yield and quality. Different crops require different amounts of potassium. Watermelon and fruit trees need more potassium. Corn and cotton need moderate potassium. Peanuts, soybeans and other leguminous crops, sweet potatoes, and potatoes are very sensitive to potassium, but they do not need much. Wheat and millet are required. Potassium is also less. The soil test results in previous years showed that the available potassium in the soil in our county has been decreasing year by year. In the 82 years, the available potassium in the soil was 105 mg/kg in average, 98 mg/kg in 90 and 88 mg/kg in 95. In recent years, with the promotion of utilization of straw returning technology, the soil available potassium has picked up. The average content of available potassium in the soil is 93mg/kg, but it is still mild potassium deficiency. Through field experiments, it is shown that grain crops generally use K2O5-8 kg with the most economic benefits, equivalent to 8.5-13.5 kg of KCl. Potassium-bearing crops and soils that are severely deficient in potassium may be increased in quantity; watermelons, fruit trees in fruiting stages, and K2O The amount of good mu is 8-12 kg and 13-20 kg, respectively, equivalent to 16-24 kg of K2SO4 and 26-40 kg of K2SO4. Potassium fertilizer can be reduced in soils with low potassium deficiency or high organic fertilizer consumption.
Fourth, pay attention to N, P, organic fertilizer with the application of one: the normal metabolism of the crop body requires a variety of nutrients to maintain a relatively balanced; Second, there are interactions between potash and many nutrients, including K and N of the collateral effect The most obvious is the "complementary" role; the third is: organic fertilizer can absorb potassium ions to prevent the loss of potassium.
Fifth, pay attention to application methods and application depth: At present, the utilization rate of potash fertilizer in China is generally 34 - 46%, in order to increase the utilization rate of potash fertilizer, potash fertilizer should be applied deep and concentrated. Because potassium is easily fixed in the topsoil, potassium should be applied to soil layers with more roots distributed to facilitate root absorption;
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